Gallbladder disease is an illness or disease that is associated with a dog’s gallbladder. Serious issues can develop and may even become fatal if not caught and treated. Here’s what to know about gallbladder disease in dogs:

What is Gallbladder Disease in Dogs?

Gallbladder disease, also known as biliary disease, may not be the most common health problem found in dogs, but it’s still something a dog owner should be aware of. Gallbladder disease can refer to different medical issues of the gallbladder. This organ is found close to the pancreas and right under the liver and is responsible for collecting and transporting bile through the body.

Bile is a liquid that the liver produces. This substance is secreted from the liver and then travels into the gallbladder through bile ducts. It then goes to the small intestine where it’s used to digest fats as well as certain vitamins. Bile is also used in eliminating waste.

Inflammation and infection are a few of the most common problems that can arise in the gallbladder and can cause different types of gallbladder disease. Obstructions in the gallbladder may also occur, leading to issues as well.

6 Types of Gallbladder Disease

Different issues can cause a few types of gallbladder disease such as:

1. Gallstones

Cholelithiasis, or gallstones, form from cholesterol or other substances in saturated bile. When a significant amount of these substances come into the gallbladder, they can form a stone.

The stones sometimes just stay in the organ without complications. However, they may also block up a bile duct which causes a buildup of bile. Older, smaller female dogs are the most susceptible to gallstones.

2. Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis is when the gallbladder becomes inflamed. If inflammation comprises the walls of the gallbladder, bile can leak out of the gallbladder. This can be fatal so early intervention and treatment is imperative.

3. Rupture of the Gallbladder

Gallbladders hold fluid in a sac which can rupture, spilling bile into the body. Trauma or inflammation can cause the rupture, which may be life-threatening. If a gallbladder ruptures, it can also lead to further issues, and removing the organ is almost always necessary.

4. Gallbladder Mucoceles

A mucocele is an excessive buildup of mucus in the gallbladder, which may cause the organ to stretch out. Mucocele can be caused by a variety of other diseases or there may be a genetic predisposition. Much like in the cases of a gallbladder rupture, the gallbladder is removed through surgery.

Dogs with endocrine diseases, such as Cushing’s Disease, may be susceptible to gallbladder mucoceles. They may also be more common in older dogs. When a mucocele causes too much buildup of bile and mucus, the gallbladder may rupture. This can result in an infection of the abdomen called peritonitis, which can be life-threatening.

5. Cancer

Tumors can grow in the gallbladder and surrounding area. These cancerous growths tend to block bile from flowing in and out of the gallbladder, which can lead to a host of secondary issues. Sometimes, surgery can be done, but much like in the case of lymphoma in dogs, chemotherapy to fight the cancer is most often tried first.

6. Cysts

A cyst is a mucus-filled growth that obstructs bile flowing in and out of the gallbladder and may develop along with gallbladder mucoceles. Any blockage in the gallbladder is dangerous and needs to be addressed.

This is an overview of what to know about gallbladder disease in dogs. The gallbladder is an important organ and if any issues arise, medical attention is necessary.