Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, tends to affect small dogs (and puppies) much more than larger breeds. If you have a small breed dog, this is a condition you should be aware of. Here’s what to know about hypoglycemia in small dogs:

What is Hypoglycemia in Dogs?

Hypoglycemia is when blood sugar (glucose) levels drop. Glucose is a sugar molecule that gives cells energy. When the level of blood sugars decreases too much, the body doesn’t have enough energy to properly function.

The brain especially requires this energy to perform at its best. If a dog experiences low levels of glucose, it needs to be treated as soon as possible. Since hypoglycemia can affect neurological function, it can be extremely dangerous.

What is Normal Blood Sugar For Dogs?

A healthy and normal blood sugar level in dogs ranges anywhere from about 80 to 120 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dl). Anything below 80 mg/dl is considered hypoglycemic.

What is a Dangerous Blood Sugar Level For Dogs?

Anything below 80 mg/dl is concerning and needs to be treated. However, if a dog’s glucose level drops below 40 mg/dl, it can be extremely dangerous and they need medical attention immediately.

Is Hypoglycemia Common in Small Dogs?

Although hypoglycemia can occur in any dog, the smallest dog breeds, including toy breeds like the Chihuahua or Pomeranian are a higher risk. This is because small breeds have a higher metabolic rate and require more energy proportional to their body mass than larger adult dogs.

Symptoms of Hypoglycemia in Small Dogs

It might be hard at first to spot signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia in small dogs but these are the most common symptoms:

• Rapid heartbeat and shallow breathing
• Lethargy
• Drowsiness
• Disoriented behavior
• Difficulty walking
• Trembling or shivering
• Seizures
• Unconsciousness

These are symptoms you should never ignore in your dog. If a dog’s blood sugar drops too low, they lose the ability to regulate their body temperature. When this happens, they get drowsy and cold. If you notice any of these symptoms, call your vet immediately.

What Causes Hypoglycemia in Small Dogs?

There are a few reasons why dogs may develop low blood sugar. A vet will be able to determine the specific cause. Some of these causes include:

• Parasites like roundworms of the intestines that steal nutrients from a host
• An unpredictable food routine
• Not eating enough
• Not enough sugar stored in the liver
• An abnormal blood vessel close to the liver (portosystemic shunt)

Hypoglycemia is also seen in canine diabetes. However, it’s most commonly seen if they get too much insulin.

This is just an overview of what to know about hypoglycemia in small dogs. It’s important to recognize these symptoms so you can seek treatment as soon as you can. If you think your dog might have low blood sugar or may be at risk, schedule an appointment with your veterinarian.